A Matter of Semantics: The Difference Between “Identifying as” and “Identifying with”

This post grew out of something I read in Sherry Wolf’s book, Sexuality and Socialism: History, Politics, and Theory of LGBT Liberation .

This book had been on my must read list for a while. I was familiar with Ms. Wolf’s writing from her columns at Socialistworker.org.

Yesterday, on Face Book, Ethan St Pierre asked if people identified as male, female or transgender.

I’m an old fashioned lefty.  I’m not something because I identify as that thing.  Claiming to identify as without being seems to me to be an odd construct that doesn’t fall much in line with my existentialist line of thinking.

I am not a woman because I identify as a woman. I am a woman even though I was assigned male at birth because of having been born with something that the best term for still seems to be “transsexualism”.  I had sex reassignment surgery that made me female.

Now there are all sorts of debates about why one is transsexual.  Is it nature, is it nurture or is it both. What ever it is the origin doesn’t matter all that much to me. The only thing I can say for sure is: Don’t tell me that I have to embrace transsexual as a permanent identity.  Perhaps as a transitory one…

What I find most problematic of the dictum implied in the semiotic “identify as” is that it is both exclusive and exclusionary in that it carries with it an implication, a subtext if you will, that implies that if you too do not “identify as” then you must be in opposition.  Further if the “I” who is policing the borders of this “identification as” decides you bear the one particular trait for inclusion in that “identity” then that one trait over rules all other aspects of ones being.  This is an extension of some very reactionary politics based on the rather anachronistic application of “the one drop of black blood makes you black (or Jewish etc) rule”.

Usage of this semiotic carries several other subtexts, including:  If you share that one trait but do not embrace that identity (in this case transgender) then you must be self -loathing.  You are in denial and an antagonistic separatist, particularly if you defend not embracing that “identify as” semiotic.  Refusal to identify as is therefore grounds for assumption of hostility towards the group one refuses to identify as.

The seeds for identity politics possibly date to the 1960s and the rise of “black nationalism” instead of a united front in support of the African American Civil Rights Movement.

There  was a rush to place primacy of oppressions in what seemed like a queue.  This lead to the term, “Oppression Olympics”.  And the dismissal of claims of empathy.

The alternative that would help unite the various groups fighting what is generally speaking a common source of oppression would be to switch from a requirement to “identify as” to people learning to “identify with” the struggles of others, and through the exercise of empathy find commonalities with others.

I do not have to “identify as” to identify with the struggles of say African Americans, or farm workers, in their struggle for civil rights. As I can extrapolate through my own experiences what it feels like to suffer abuse, discrimination and oppression.

Lately there has been this requirement for people with transsexualism firmly claim “having always identified as a member of the sex to which they are reassigned”.  Perhaps in the best of all possible worlds, where one’s “identity” is never challenged.  That would seem in total contradiction with the reports of almost universal childhood abuse for “gender inappropriate behavior”.

Those who give priority to identity over the physical sneeringly call my response  citing my present body as reason for being assured of my identity, essentialist.  Perhaps it is as I considered SRS as “making it real” in flesh as well as in performed sex role behavior.

Damn here I am in bed with Judy Butler… I promise not to hate myself in the morning…

Identity has an amorphous character that is constantly open to challenge and negotiation.  But so too are bodies.  We should know that all to well.  T to F people have memories about being labeled as sissies and being told they aren’t really boys.  Hence my response to Anna about thinking I was half boy/half girl as a child, given I had boy parts yet was physically feminine in appearance and was feminine in behavior. Identity open to challenge due to physical traits that were written on the body.

Simone de Beauvoir wrote, “One is not born a woman, one becomes a woman.”  The existentialist analysis is about becoming through influences and actions.  Beat poet Diane di Prima’s first sentence in her book, “Recollections of my Life as a Woman” reads:  “My earliest sense of what it means to be a woman was learned from my grandmother, Antoinette Mallozzi, and at her knee.”

Then there is a paragraph that starts on page 5:

“As I went into the kitchen this morning to make some tea, I saw through the (intentionally?) open crack in her door, my beautiful young daughter in the arms of a beautiful young Black skateboarder, who had evidently spent the night (skateboard propped against the wall in front of her door like an insignia).  As I went tranquilly into the kitchen and called out to ask them if they wanted tea or coffee, I thought with deep gratitude of some of the women I met when I first left home at the age of eighteen: those beautiful, soft strong women of middle age with their young daughters who made me welcome in various homes, where I could observe on a given morning mom coming out of her bedroom with a lover, male or female, and joining daughter and her lover at the table for breakfast in naturalness and camaraderie.  These women, by now mostly dead I suppose were great pioneers.  They are nameless to me, nameless and brief friends I encountered along the way who showed me something else was possible besides what I had seen at home.”

I view who I am not as some sort of “identity” claimed without experience but as the sum total of my experiences and encounters.

The experiences and my awareness of self were uncertain and abused as a child. As I gained agency as a teenager, I sought out answers and those answers changed my sense of being.  Through choosing to learn certain things and not other things, to learn certain ways of being, skills, I became those things and those skills became my natural skills learned in muscle memory and unconscious  in nature.

Coming out was a matter of stating “I AM!” and then acting upon it.  My first steps were uncertain, like some one first learning to ice skate, yet the things I had been absorbing in secret rapidly asserted themselves.  People reacted differently to me and the different way I was treated became part of who I am.  Within weeks the ability to don the mask I had worn for 21 years became impossible.  Is this identity?

If it is… Does the fact I didn’t particularly think of the concepts of  “I am” or “I am becoming” in terms of identity, but rather in terms of “being” and “becoming”, both aspects of the philosophy of existentialism, invalidate those who speak in terms of identity?  Do the semantics of “identity” replete with semiotic meanings require a subjugation of existentialist thinking to a new god of post-modernist terminology?

Are these idiotic matters to be argued over while hiding in an attic we might not be in were it not for our immersion in “identity politics”?

I am my life experiences, my interpretations of those experiences, my analysis of those experiences are subject to change as I am immersed in new experiences.

If I say I am post-transsexual it doesn’t mean I am beyond all concern regarding the subject or all concern for those going through transition.  It means that for me those experiences were all so long ago and when dredged up are subject to new interpretations based on the many years of experience since.  The requirement that I “identify as” is alienating as it negates the passage of time and the experiences of life after SRS.

However, I am as capable of “identifying with” the struggles of TG and pre-op sisters and brothers as I am with any other oppressed group that I am not specifically a part of.  Identifying with the struggles of the oppressed does not require one to “identify as.”

To answer Ethan St. Pierre’s question.  I don’t identify as a woman.  I am a woman.

“MSM” Revisited: Trans Inclusion in LGBT Medical Study

[Today I added Mercedes Allen’s blog “Dented Blue Mercedes” to my blog role.  It was about time as I kept seeing people coming here from her blog in my blog traffic reports.  And when ever I have gone there (which is fairly often) I have found thoughtful and often thought provoking subjects.  I also think highly of Mercedes writing and not just because we became Facebook friends a couple of hours ago.  I liked her writing when I first encountered it on Trans-Group Blog.]

By Mercedes Allen

Crossposted on:

http://dentedbluemercedes.wordpress.com/2010/08/11/msm-revisited/

http://www.bilerico.com/2010/08/msm_revisited_trans_inclusion_in_lgbt_medical_stud.php

http://transgroupblog.blogspot.com/2010/07/trans-people-msm-and-hiv-study-and.html

August 11, 2010

Recently, I’d blogged about a term that’s increasing in usage in HIV research and outreach: “MSM,” or “men who have sex with men.”  The term was originally invented because of a need to include not just sexually active gay men but also bisexuals and men who are not gay-identified but for whatever reason have casual or incidental sex with men.  It can also include gay- or bi-identified trans males, although they’re often overlooked in the study (or sometimes even thought not to exist).  And, of course, it’s often asserted that it includes or intends to include trans women.  I’d commented:

I get it that effective terminology must be given to identify target high-risk groups for the sake of study.  I get it that the terminology needs to be both simple and encompassing.  I get it that HIV is a serious issue and relevant to the trans community, though not all trans sub-groups are high-risk.  I get it that penile-anal intercourse (PAI) risk groups can include trans women….  What I don’t and will not get is the gay community’s insistence that transsexual women are “really men” and how it’s such a bother having to state otherwise in order to be inclusive.  To be fair, there are many folks in HIV study and advocacy who don’t feel or act that way, but the prevalence of MSM-exclusive study sure reinforces this impression.

As diverse as the trans umbrella is, where MSM really fails is primarily when female-identified or dual-identified trans people (usually transsexual women) are forced into one of those “M” designations (i.e. also encompassing straight-identified men who date trans women).  This is often justified by researchers through noting other cultures where trans women sometimes do identify themselves as “really a man,” because they have not yet had the freedom to develop a language with which to self-identify, and therefore accept the language and logic that is available to and used on them.  For something that was supposed to have been devised in order to respect different male identities and transcend constructions built around terms like “gay,” people sometimes wonder why it’s such a big deal when trans women are similarly not accommodated and their identities as not men are not respected.  Especially when this is the result:

This past Spring, I’d had one such study request forwarded to me by someone who was apparently on one of the mailing lists that I forward communications to.  A few days later, he wrote me, irate that I’d not forwarded it to my trans networks.  I’d pointed out (feigning ignorance) that while a few trans men might qualify and be interested, much of what was being discussed in his email didn’t really fit FTM configuration, or at least pre-surgical.  This resulted in a missive which started off with “you know what I mean” and launched into an accusation that I’d be “guilty of the murder of” every transsexual woman who perished from HIV who might have benefited from the study.  And yet, the survey was written so thoroughly to exclude those of female gender identity, I can’t see any way that any self-respecting trans woman would be able to sit through the whole thing without becoming thoroughly incensed at the obvious refusal to dignify her as who she is.

Additionally, many trans women never have sex with men, being either lesbian-identified or not sexually active.  And for a small few of us, HRT isn’t kind, and it becomes an either-or proposition where we really do have to choose between transition and sex.  So an assumption that all trans women belong in the study is as inaccurate as the assumption that all trans men don’t.

But the solution does get fuzzy.  I’m no longer convinced that any permutation of “MSM + …” works effectively at all (and I see in my original article some failures to look outside transsexual identities to the nuances pertaining to some other flavours of trans).  Possibly some terminology along the lines of PAI practices should be considered, but it’s obvious that the status quo needs to be replaced with something more appropriate.  And if that discussion needs to happen anywhere, it needs to start in the larger LGBT sphere.

This situation is also symptomatic of a fuzzy understanding of trans realities when it comes to inclusion in LGBT medical studies in general.  Trans brings along with it a host of medical questions that are often entirely overlooked in such studies.  Which is fine if the study is presented as a general overview that is not reflecting on trans-specific care or pretending that it encompasses all the issues of the included study groups.  I also get that adding all aspects of trans to a study that is aiming to look at primarily cisgender medical issues will confuse it beyond recognition.  However, too often, these studies use the fact that there is a “transgender” checkbox in the Sex question to claim that what is presented is comprehensive and targets all the LGBT medical issues that need to be addressed — which leads researchers and medical professionals to conclude that they do not have any need to look further.

When transsexuals are factored in, there are numerous medical realities surrounding access to and cost of treatment, the fact that said treatment is part of a necessary course to righting one’s life, issues around hormone access and use, or access to surgeries or tests (i.e. obtaining a mammogram for someone with a penis, or finding a surgeon willing to perform a hysterectomy on a man).  Even outside the transsexual process, we find unique issues affecting genderqueer identification, or the existence of another DSM diagnosis intended for crossdressers (and which serves no useful purpose beyond stigmatization as well as the annexation of transsexuals): Transvestic Fetish.

Superficial inclusion can generate problems with survey questions like, “Have you ever been diagnosed with a mental illness?”   Is this supposed to include GID?  If so, isn’t that a bit like rubbing one’s nose in the fact that our little community still carries this stigma?  And if there is no means to elaborate, how are the people conducting the study ever going to know if the respondent is referring to GID (or TF), or to something else entirely?

Such surveys can often be accompanied by assumptions: the assumption that we’re sexually active; assumptions that we engage in risky sexual behaviour; sometimes assumptions that ones genitals dictate how they should be addressed; assumptions about who we’re attracted to and sexually active with; assumptions that we can see just any medical professional when we need to; assumptions that prejudice in the clinic could never take the form of being treated like we’re deluded or freakish by the doctor, medical staff and/or other staff; assumptions that we can access HRT, surgery and other forms of treatment without requiring letters of permission from someone who has psychoanalyzed us; assumptions that anyone with a trans history has to identify as trans(fill-in-the-blank), rather than as male or female.  It can also overlook issues entirely, such as that of changing one’s name on file, having it acknowledged by staff, and not having it create a crossed-wires situation were your lab tests from elsewhere don’t get where they’re supposed to.

And finally, there is an issue of relevance.  When trans-specific care isn’t in the study at all, what remains seems almost irrelevant or even foreign to trans participants.  It does seem a little humorous to me to be asked, for example, “Do you trust your medical provider enough to discuss issues with him or her that might out you as being LGBT?” when an adam’s apple (not to mention genitalia), medications, gender markers on identification or surgeries recorded on file all leave no doubt.

I don’t mean this to be entirely scathing — studies do vary, and I’m elaborating on the worst I’ve seen in order to open discussion on making them better overall.  While the MSM terminology is glaring, many other issues stem from cisgender privilege — not in the sense that cisgender people often complain about being accused of (i.e. wilful ignorance), but from the privileged standpoint of never having experienced these things, and therefore not realizing that they need to be addressed.

There is a concern that conducting separate studies can be seen as a license to not do trans population studies at all.  But because the medical situation can be significantly different for trans people, I wonder if these issues would be best handled as a trans-specific addendum?  And where language fails altogether — terms like MSM — there is a serious need for reassessment.

Readers’ thoughts on MSM and inclusion in general?

(Crossposted, and I don’t want any grief about it)